Bleaching-keir.



No. 692,09L Patented lan. 28, |902.

J. 0. TYMS. Y

BLE'ASHING KEIB.

(Application aed'ocn n, 1901,)

2 Sheets-Shet lI.

(No Model.)

No. 692,09l.

VJ. c. TYMs. BLEACHING KEIR.

(Appuccion med occfrs, 1901.)

Patented 1an. 2s, |902.

`(No Model.)

2'Sheets-Sheet 2.

NiTEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

vJOHN C. TYMS, OF GARFIELD,'NEVV JERSEY.

BLEACHING-KEIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 692,091, dated January 28, 1902.

Application filed October 1901. Serial No. 77,641. (No model.)

.To all whom/t may concern.-

Beit known that I, JOHN C. TYMs, a citizen of the United States, residing at the corner of Cambridge and Grant streets, Gartield,county of Bergen, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bleaching-Keirs, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of the present invention is to furnish a bleaching-keir in which the liquor shall be discharged from a chamber in the bottom of the tank through a stand-pipe to the upper part of the tank and thereafter circulate downward through the goods and upward through the stand-pipe by variations of pressure arising within the tank and chamber. To edect such operation, check-valves opening downward are formed in a partition which separates the bottom chamber from the body of the tank, and the top of the standpipe is also provided with a check-valve opening upwardly.

The invention also includes various details of construction, which will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure lis a vertical section upon the center line (where hatched) of the bleaching-ken'. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same just above the partition b. Fig. 3 shows the under side of one of the valve-seats,c. Fig. 4. is a plan of the valve-seat h; and Fig. 5, a viewof the under side of the guard fm, fixed upon such valve-seat. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are drawn upon an enlarged scale.

' The tank a is provided near the bottom with partition b, having apertures in which valveseats c are secured. Each seat faces downwardly and is provided with arms to sustain a guide b for the stem d of the valve c, which is supported upon the guide by spiral spring e when not pressed upwardly against the seat by a iioat e, attached to the valve-stem.

' pended from the grating and serves to-pre` vent lint and other particles which work down through the grating from falling directly upon the valve. A stand-pipe g is fixed in the middle of the partition and extended to the upper part of the tank, and a valve-seat h is secured within the top of the stand-pipe and provided with downwardly-extending arms h,h`aving a guide for a valve-sternj. The top of the stem is provided with the valve 7c, which opens upwardly from the seat h, and the bottom of the stem is provided with a ioat Z, which is suspended below the middle of the stand-pipe. A guide is fixed in the stand-pipe and tted to the stem j just above the float. A dome-shaped guard m is xed above the valve-seat h, being sustained upon three studs n, through which screws are passed into the valve-seat to support the guard with its edge above the seat to permit the escape of the liquor. A glass water-gage w is connected with the side of the tank near the upper part, and a pipe 0 connects the upper part of the tank with the chamber d and with a pressure-gage q. Cocks p and p are placed above and below the pressure-gage, and the opening of each in turn serves to indicate the pressure in the part of the keir with which such cock is connected. A waste-pipe, with cock r, is shown in the bottom of the chamber a. A steam-pipe s, with cock s', is also connected to the chamber, and the tank next above the partition e is connected with a pipe t, having cock t and branches u and o for supplying water or liquor, as may be desired, to the keir.

` The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The goods to be bleached are placed in the tank, which may be filled to the level indicated by the heavy broken line o@ near the top of the stand-pipe, and the covery of the tank is then tightly closed. Before any liquor is introduced the check-valves c are held open by their weight and that of the float e, as shown in Fig. l; but the valve 7c upon the stand-pipe is closed by its weight and that of its float. Liquor is then introduced through the pipe t above the partition b and iiows through the open valves c into the chamber u. until the liquor raises the floats and closes the valves c, after which the liquor is supplied to the tank above the partition until it reaches a level somewhat below the top of 'the goods, as indicated by the line fw' in the water-gage w. The cock t being closed, the cock s' is opened, and the steam admit-ted to the IOG chamber a', being confined therein by the closed valves c, rises in the stand-pipe g and opens the valve 7c. The upward movement of the steam carries more or less of the liquor therewith and produces a constantly-increasing pressure in the upper part of the tank. The liquor is not raised by the steam until it is thoroughly heated and boiled, so that the ebullition raises it to the bottom of the stand-pipe, and it is then carried upward by the steam, raising the valve 7c in its passage, which promotes the upward flow of the fluids, as the upper part of the keir is at much lower pressure than the chamber a. When the level of the liquor is lowered sufliciently by its upward discharge, the iioats e drop and the valves c open, and as the pressure becomes equalized in the upper and lower parts of the keir the valve k closes. The liquor which is thus raised from the chamber a above the goods percolates gradually downward through the same and through the gratingf and descends through the valve-seats e into the chamber. When theliquoraccumulatefssuiiciently to close the valves c, the pressure rises in the chamber,as before,and drives the liquor Y from the chamber upwardagain through the stand-pipe, opening the valve Zc and discharging the liquor upon the top of the goods, after which theintermittent movement of the liquor is continued first upwardly through the standpipe and then downwardly by percolating through the goods until the valves c are closed.

It should be understood that the apparatus does not raise the liquor from the chamber o. when iirstintroduced thereto until it has been thoroughly heated and boiled, as it is in a sense the boiling over of the liquor from the chamber in a high state of ebullition which forces it up the stand-pipe g. If the standpipe g extended down through the partition b into the chamber, the liquor would be forced upwardly therein as soon as the steam pressure had been introduced to the chamber, and such a construction would operate, in a measure, like my invention; but I prefer to have the stand-pipe terminate at the partition, as shown and described above. The intermittent tlow of the bleaching liquor is promoted by the remoteness of the upper part of the tank tromV the steam-pipe which heats the chamber a', which circumstance causes the condensation of much of the steam that is projected into the upper part of the tank and tends normally, especially when the valve k is closed, to produce a vacuum or low pressure above such valve. As the valve k is normally closed by its own weightit is obvious that when the valves c are closed by the accumulation of liquor in the chamber a' the pressure of steam in such chamber may rise considerably above the pressure in the upper part of the tank before the valve k is opened, and this circumstance induces a violent and temporary up-rush of the liquor through the stand-pipe when the valve is finally opened by the pressure.

It should be understood that the spiral springs e (shown upon the stems ot the valves c) do not operate at all to close the valves, which stand normally open, as shown in Fig. l; but these springs act simply as cushions to prevent concussion when the valves are lowered by the fall of their respective fioats.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimed herein isl. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber ct' in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, the check-valves c opening downwardly in the partition, and the stand-pipe g connecting the chamber with the upper part of the tank.

2. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber a' in the bottom, ofthe pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, and the check-valves c opening downwardly in the partition, and provided -each with oat e adapted to close the valve when the liquor accumulates in the chamber.

. 3. In a bleaching-keir, `the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber ct in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, the check-valves c opening downwardly in the partition',and the stand-pipe g extending from the chamber a to the upper part of the tank and having the check-valve 7c opening upward, as and for the purpose set forth.

4f. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber a in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, the check valves c opening downwardly in the partition, and the stand-pipe g extending from the chamber a to the upper part of the tank and having the check-valve le opening upward and provided with ioat Z suspended within the stand-pipe, substantially as herein set forth.

5. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank having the partition b with check valves opening downwardly therein, and the stand-pipe g extended from the partition to the upper part of the tank, of the valve-seat h secured in the top of the standpipe with arms h projected downwardlyand carrying the guide t', the valve-rod j itted to the guide and provided at its upper end with the valve 7c and at its lower end with the ioat Z, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

6. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber a in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, the check valves c opening downwardly in the partition, and the stand-pipe g connecting the chamber with the upper part of the tank and having the guard msupported above the permitting the escape of the liquor.

izo

7 In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition b forming the chamber a' in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, apertures in the partition with valve-seats c Iitted to each, and the valves c fitted to such seats and opening downwardly in the partition, and provided each with float e adapted to close the valve when the liquor accumulates in the chamber.

8. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, with the tank a having the partition bforming the chamber a' in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, apertures in the partition with valve-seats c tted to each, the valves c iitted to such seats and opening downwardly in the partition and provided each with iioat e adapted to close the valve when the liquor accumulates in the chamber, and the grating f sustained above the partition and having the guards d fastened thereto over the valve-seats to prevent the direct access of obstructions to the valves.

9. In a bleaching-kein the combination,

with the tank c having the partition b forming the chamber a in the bottom, of the pipe for supplying steam to such chamber, the check-valves opening downwardly in the partition, stand-pipe g having the check-valve opening upward upon the top, the pipe o oonnecting the chamber a with the upper part of the tank and provided with cocks p and p' and with pressure-gage q intermediate of the cocks, and the upper part of the tank having the glass water-gage w attached thereto, the whole arranged and operated to intermittently discharge the liquor upon the goods and to indicate the height of the liquor when filling the tank, and the pressurein the tank and chamber when in operation, substantially asherein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOI-IN C. TYMS.

Witnessesi L. LEE, THOMAS S. CRANE. 

